> Category: Homogeneous Metal Catalyst | Molecular Formula: C4H6O4Pd | Molecular Weight: 224.51 | CAS: 3375-31-3
What Is Palladium(II) Acetate Used For?
Palladium(II) Acetate (CAS 3375-31-3) is a homogeneous metal catalyst primarily used in heck, suzuki, and sonogashira cross-coupl. Pd(OAc)2 is the most versatile palladium precatalyst in organic synthesis. It serves as the entry point for generating active Pd(0) species in situ for cross-coupling reactions (Heck, Suzuki, Sonogashira, Buchwald-Hartwig). Its acetate ligands are easily displaced by phosphines, NHCs, or substrates, making it compatible with virtually all ligand classes. With over 10,000 publications referencing its use, Pd(OAc)2 is the palladium source in approximately 40% of academic Pd-catalyzed methodology papers. Its relatively low cost (~$30-50/g) and air stability add to its practical appeal.
With a molecular formula of C4H6O4Pd and molecular weight of 224.51 g/mol [001], Palladium(II) Acetate is yellow-orange to brown powder and soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile); insoluble in water [002]. The global market for this compound class was valued at $3.8 billion palladium catalyst market (2025), growing at a CAGR of 6.5% [003].
How Does Palladium(II) Acetate Work in Chemical Reactions?
The mechanism of action of Palladium(II) Acetate depends on its structural features. With InChIKey YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L [001], Palladium(II) Acetate functions through Pd(OAc)2 is the most versatile palladium precatalyst in organic synthesis....
Key mechanistic features include:
- Structural specificity: The molecular architecture of Palladium(II) Acetate (IUPAC: palladium(2+) diacetate [001]) determines its reactivity profile and selectivity
- Solubility profile: Soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile); insoluble in water [002], enabling compatibility with diverse reaction conditions
- Functional group tolerance: Compatible with a wide range of functional groups commonly encountered in multi-step synthesis
For industrial applications, Palladium(II) Acetate has been optimized for scalability. The compound's yellow-orange to brown powder facilitates handling, and its well-characterized properties enable reproducible process chemistry across batch sizes ranging from milligram to kilogram scale.
What Are the Key Applications of Palladium(II) Acetate?
Palladium(II) Acetate serves critical roles across multiple chemical sectors [004]:
- Heck, Suzuki, and Sonogashira cross-coupling precatalyst
- C-H activation and direct arylation
- Wacker oxidation of alkenes
- Acetoxylation and oxidation reactions
The diversity of applications reflects the compound's versatility. In pharmaceutical synthesis, Palladium(II) Acetate enables key bond-forming reactions that would be difficult or impossible with alternative reagents. In materials chemistry, it provides access to polymers and advanced materials with tailored properties.
What Are the Physical and Chemical Properties of Palladium(II) Acetate?
Understanding the physical properties of Palladium(II) Acetate (CAS 3375-31-3) is essential for safe handling and optimal experimental design [001] [002]:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 3375-31-3 |
| Molecular Formula | C4H6O4Pd |
| Molecular Weight | 224.51 g/mol |
| IUPAC Name | palladium(2+) diacetate |
| InChIKey | YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
| Appearance | Yellow-orange to brown powder |
| Melting Point | 205 °C (decomposes) |
Solubility characteristics: Soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile); insoluble in water [002]. These properties dictate the choice of reaction medium, workup procedures, and purification strategies when working with Palladium(II) Acetate.
What Is the Market Outlook for Palladium(II) Acetate?
The global market for this class of compounds demonstrates robust growth [003]. The market was valued at $3.8 billion palladium catalyst market (2025), with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% [003].
Three forces drive demand:
- Pharmaceutical R&D expansion: Over 60% of the demand for high-purity homogeneous metal catalysts originates from pharmaceutical research and manufacturing, driven by the increasing pipeline of small-molecule drug candidates
- Asia-Pacific manufacturing growth: China and India account for approximately 45% of global consumption, reflecting the migration of pharmaceutical intermediate manufacturing to the region [003]
- Green chemistry adoption: The shift toward sustainable synthesis methods favors reagents with favorable E-factors and aqueous compatibility
The market report by Market Size and Trends, Palladium Catalyst Market 2025 projects continued expansion through 2032, driven by these structural demand drivers [003].
How Should Palladium(II) Acetate Be Safely Handled and Stored?
Proper handling of Palladium(II) Acetate requires attention to standard laboratory safety protocols. Key considerations:
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed when not in use
- Personal protective equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate gloves (nitrile recommended), safety goggles, and lab coat
- Ventilation: Use in a fume hood or well-ventilated area
- Incompatibilities: Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and incompatible materials
Always consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) from your supplier before handling. The SDS provides detailed information on hazards, first aid measures, firefighting procedures, and disposal considerations specific to the grade and formulation you are using [002].
Frequently Asked Questions About Palladium(II) Acetate
What is the CAS number of Palladium(II) Acetate?
The CAS Registry Number of Palladium(II) Acetate is 3375-31-3. This unique identifier is assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service and is recognized globally for unambiguous chemical identification [001].
Is Palladium(II) Acetate water-soluble?
Soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile); insoluble in water. Soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile); insoluble in water [002]. This solubility profile is critical for selecting appropriate reaction solvents and workup conditions.
What is the molecular weight of Palladium(II) Acetate?
The molecular weight of Palladium(II) Acetate (3375-31-3) is 224.51 g/mol, based on its molecular formula C4H6O4Pd [001].
Where can I buy Palladium(II) Acetate with fast shipping?
Palladium(II) Acetate is widely available from major chemical suppliers including Sigma-Aldrich (catalog #520764), Thermo Fisher Scientific, TCI America, and other regional distributors. For research quantities, most suppliers offer next-day delivery in major markets. Bulk and custom quantities typically require 1-4 weeks lead time. CoreyChem also stocks Palladium(II) Acetate at competitive prices with global shipping.
What are the main applications of Palladium(II) Acetate in industry?
The primary industrial applications of Palladium(II) Acetate include: Heck, Suzuki, and Sonogashira cross-coupling precatalyst; C-H activation and direct arylation; Wacker oxidation of alkenes; and Acetoxylation and oxidation reactions [004].
What is the difference between Palladium(II) Acetate and similar reagents?
Unlike structurally related alternatives, Palladium(II) Acetate offers unique structural and reactivity features. This differentiated performance profile makes it the preferred choice for the specific applications listed above [004].
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Where to Buy Palladium(II) Acetate (CAS 3375-31-3)
Palladium(II) Acetate is available in the CoreyChem catalog. [View product page →](https://careerchemical.com/product/3375-31-3)
CoreyChem supplies Palladium(II) Acetate to research laboratories and industrial customers worldwide. Contact our sales team for bulk pricing and custom packaging options.
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References & Sources
https://www.marketsizeandtrends.com/report/palladium-catalyst-market/
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/aldrich/520764
